It's not a matter of "doing" anything. It is how money creation and public spending works at the national level for any government with a sovereign fiat currency. Such a government simply has no need to borrow and can spend up to the limitations of real resources and labor available without incurring inflation, even without revenue.

With a "debt" based currency a balanced budget leaves nothing in the economy as a store of value (profit/savings) from any commerce. Any such spending is clawed back in taxation, leaving the private sector to fund its own growth and savings with bank debt. This only works with nations that are net exporters that can extract profit from other countries. However, the resource drain such countries face is a real cost, although seldom accounted for.

Since governments demand their own currency back to pay taxes or purchase bonds they must spend that currency into existence first. How much they leave in their economies to fund growth or be net saved in any given year is the "deficit" and the historical sum of those is the "national debt". Neither has any implication for the ability to spend in the future and the currency issuing government can never "involuntarily" default on any obligation denominated in the currency it issues at will.