Most of the complexities of modern economics are self-justification for policies that benefit the wealthy. Most of it is pure BS as well, at least at the federal level where decisions have the most impact on the economy. The "simple" thinkers are quite happy to accept complexities that don't require actual thinking on their part, especially if those complexities confirm their cognitive bias.

Federal-level economics is quite simple. Money is created upon demand for spending and is destroyed by taxation. Borrowing is not a funding mechanism for the currency issuer, so the national debt is not a real debt that anyone owes. It represents our national savings, Treasury bonds, accumulated by deficit spending by Congress.

Our net money supply was mislabeled as "debt" because the issuing government "owes" tax credit to anyone holding its currency. The monopoly issuer of a fiat currency has vastly different criteria for its spending than the average Joe six-pack does in his budgeting. As the issuer of our national currency, the federal government has no need for its own currency to enable spending.

It also can "afford" anything that can be resourced in the private sector regardless of its revenue position. This means that "ANY" suffering by its citizens is entirely a political decision, not economic. Our lawmakers know, or should know, this. That means that any such suffering is only because someone in power or having influence over someone in power, wants them to suffer. A fearful and dependent workforce is something that benefits the wealthy donor class much more than any other policy or condition.