You can tax billionaires, but you cannot replace money in the government sector by doing so. The currency issuer never has (or doesn't have) money. It holds the debt that the money in the private sector originated from. As soon as that money is returned it is canceled by that debt.
It is generally agreed upon that billionaires should be taxed more, but that is a separate issue from "funding" our government and its programs. If we cede that money grows on them and the federal government must "get" it from them before spending on the public purpose we also cede that they must remain wealthy enough to fund the public purpose in perpetuity.
Why would you choose to take on the most formidable and well-financed sector of Americans when it isn't necessary, and give them control over spending on the public purpose in doing so? The grand lie that taxes fund spending is their secret weapon that places them firmly in the driver's seat of our economy and enables the "job creator" myth.
I can guarantee that they will pay more in taxation if they are made "irrelevant" to the funding of our government and the public purpose. Your thinking of money as limited and resources as infinite is at the heart of all of our economic and social problems, including climate change.
The money is in infinite supply to Congress and there is no "infinite+1" that would better enable it to spend on the public purpose by extracting more from the private sector. Stop framing economics in the language of our oppressors and we can move toward improving our lives.